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Rushmore Air Force Station
Rushmore Air Force Station, South Dakota, was a secure weapons administration, storage, and handling facility for atomic, and later thermonuclear weapons, located adjacent to Ellsworth Air Force Base on its north side, that was operational from 1950 to 1962. It was operated by Air Force Material Command (AFMC), Armed Forces Special Weapons Project, and the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC). Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) was under contract to provide oversight and technical responsibility of the weapons housed at the AFS.
==History==
The Sandia National Laboratories had overseen the construction by 1950 of four "Q Area" secure special weapons areas (so named for the clearance code on the access badges) which were the storage and main stockpiles for the 298 nuclear bombs in inventory by mid-1950. Sandia Base initiated construction of the Operational Storage Site (OSS), the physically smaller alert facilities of key strategic importance, in 1950. The first five of these installations were set up by Sandia immediately neighboring selected SAC bases. Site F was located at Ellsworth AFB, near Rapid City, South Dakota and named Rushmore Air Force Station. "Sandia transferred operation of the five alert sites bordering the SAC bases to Air Materiel Command after a shakedown period during which Sandia personnel worked at the sites with the Air Force and AEC. Air Materiel Command designated the sites depots, with associated Air Force personnel referenced as Aviation Depot Groups, and subsequently, Aviation Depot Squadrons." The 3081st Aviation Depot Wing was assigned. 〔http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/facility/q_area-intro.htm〕
"The facilities comprising the Rushmore AFS were primarily associated with the maintenance and storage of atomic and thermonuclear weapons. Storage and maintenance activities were compartmentalized to specialized facilities for each stage of maintenance for security, safety, and quality assurance. Other facilities on Rushmore AFS were to support the administrative and security requirements for the secure facility including office space, unaccompanied housing, crew readiness and dining facilities, and communications. SNL and Department of Defense (DoD) personnel performed the maintenance and storage functions required by the weapons, including transporting the weapons to the flightline and loading them into the nuclear-capable bombers assigned to
Ellsworth AFB. In 1962, Rushmore AFS was transferred to Ellsworth AFB. By 1992, Ellsworth AFB was included in the newly created Air Combat Command (ACC) and the assigned B-1B bombers were adapted to a conventional mission." 〔"Demolition of Munitions Storage Area Facilities Environmental Assessment, Ellsworth Air Force Base, South Dakota", August 2009, Section 1.2 - Background.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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